编译安装LNMP-白红宇

编译安装LNMP

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发布时间：2019-06-18

本文共 12381 字，大约阅读时间需要 41 分钟。

说明：

php在编译安装时，nginx要想能够调用php提供动态php格式的网页，必须用FastCGI来实现，但 FastCGI只是一个框架，实现FastCGI框架的有PHP-FPM，但对于5.2.x版本的php来说，默认是不支持PHP-FPM的，需要打上php-fpm的补丁，对于5.3.2之前版本的也是需要打补丁的，而且打补丁的过程比较麻烦。好在5.3.3版本的PHP-FPM被直接做进了源代码包中，在编译安装时只需启用PHP-FPM功能即可。

但如果要使用PHP-FPM的话，还需要提供以下几个功能：

需要提供可以解析xml格式的文档，需要安装libxml2 和libxml2-devel这两个包，好在这两个包在安装完开发环境后这两个包是默认安装过的。

需要安装libevent并且在1.4.12之后的版本，不幸的是rhel5.4版本中这个包是是在1.4.12之前的，需要从新手动编译安装该包。

libiconv 用来提供网络连接方式的功能组件，可以实现更快速的网络访问，这个组件系统上是没有装的，需要手动编译安装。

构建编译环境：

yum -y install gcc openssl-devel zlib-devel pcre-develyum groupinstall "Developement Tools" "Development Libraries" -yt

首先安装Nginx：

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.0.14.tar.gztar zxvf nginx-1.0.14.tar.gz     #useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M nginxcd nginx-1.0.14./configure \  --prefix=/usr \  --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx \  --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \  --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \  --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \  --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid  \  --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \  --user=nginx \  --group=nginx \  --with-http_ssl_module \  --with-http_flv_module \  --with-http_stub_status_module \  --with-http_gzip_static_module \  --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ \  --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ \  --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/make && make install

创建nginx的启动脚本：

vim /etc/init.d/nginxd

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#!/bin/sh## nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon## chkconfig:   - 85 15# description:  Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \#               proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server# processname: nginx# config:      /etc/nginx/nginx.conf# config:      /etc/sysconfig/nginx# pidfile:     /var/run/nginx.pid # Source function library.. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions # Source networking configuration.. /etc/sysconfig/network # Check that networking is up.[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0 nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"prog=$(basename $nginx) NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf" [ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx make_dirs() {   # make required directories   user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`   options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`   for opt in $options; do       if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then           value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`           if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then               # echo "creating" $value               mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value           fi       fi   done} start() {    [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5    [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6    make_dirs    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "    daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE    retval=$?    echo    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile    return $retval} stop() {    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "    killproc $prog -QUIT    retval=$?    echo    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile    return $retval} restart() {    configtest || return $?    stop    sleep 1    start} reload() {    configtest || return $?    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "    killproc $nginx -HUP    RETVAL=$?    echo} force_reload() {    restart} configtest() {  $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE} rh_status() {    status $prog} rh_status_q() {    rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1} case "$1" in    start)        rh_status_q && exit 0        $1        ;;    stop)        rh_status_q || exit 0        $1        ;;    restart|configtest)        $1        ;;    reload)        rh_status_q || exit 7        $1        ;;    force-reload)        force_reload        ;;    status)        rh_status        ;;    condrestart|try-restart)        rh_status_q || exit 0            ;;    *)        echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"        exit 2esac

chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginxd     #给予脚本执行权限chkconfig --add nginxd        #加入开机启动选项中chkconfig nginxd on          #设置开机自动启动service nginxd  start       #启动nginx 服务

测试访问：

安装MySQL:

下载：

wget http://mysql.mirrors.hoobly.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.22.tar.gztar zxvf mysql-5.5.22.tar.gzcd mysql-5.5.22-linux2.6-i686/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql                           #添加mysql用户/usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql            #添加mysql组

编译：

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql/ --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile --with-plugins=partition,innobase,myisammrgmake&&make install

编译时出现错误：

../depcomp: line 571: exec: g++: not foundmake[1]: *** [my_new.o] Error 127make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/lnmpsrc/mysql-5.1.62/mysys'make: *** [all-recursive] Error 1

在其他安装g++的服务器上查看g++属于哪个包：

[root@vps ~]# find / -name g++/usr/bin/g++[root@vps ~]# rpm -qf /usr/bin/g++gcc-c++-4.4.6-3.el6.i686

可以看出g++属于gcc-c++包

安装gcc-c++：

[root@vps ~]#yum install gcc-c++ -y

重新编译：

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql/ --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile --with-plugins=partition,innobase,myisammrgmake&&make install

改变/usr/local/mysql目录用户和属组：

chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql

创建mysql数据库、日志存放目录

mkdir /mysql/{data,binlog,relaylog} -pchown -R mysql.mysql /mysql

以mysql帐号建立数据表：

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/mysql/data --user=mysql

创建mysql配置文件：

vim /mysql/my.cnf

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[client] character-set-server = utf8port    = 3306socket  = /tmp/mysql.sock [mysqld]character-set-server = utf8replicate-ignore-db = mysqlreplicate-ignore-db = testreplicate-ignore-db = information_schemauser    = mysqlport    = 3306socket  = /tmp/mysql.sockbasedir = /usr/local/mysqldatadir = /mysql/datalog-error = /mysql/mysql_error.logpid-file = /mysql/mysql.pidopen_files_limit    = 10240back_log = 600max_connections = 5000max_connect_errors = 6000table_cache = 614external-locking = FALSEmax_allowed_packet = 32Msort_buffer_size = 1Mjoin_buffer_size = 1Mthread_cache_size = 300#thread_concurrency = 8query_cache_size = 512Mquery_cache_limit = 2Mquery_cache_min_res_unit = 2kdefault-storage-engine = MyISAMthread_stack = 192Ktransaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTEDtmp_table_size = 246Mmax_heap_table_size = 246Mlong_query_time = 3log-slave-updateslog-bin = /mysql/data/binlogbinlog_cache_size = 4Mbinlog_format = MIXEDmax_binlog_cache_size = 8Mmax_binlog_size = 1Grelay-log-index = /mysql/relaylog/relaylogrelay-log-info-file = /mysql/relaylog/relaylogrelay-log = /mysql/relaylog/relaylogexpire_logs_days = 30key_buffer_size = 256Mread_buffer_size = 1Mread_rnd_buffer_size = 16Mbulk_insert_buffer_size = 64Mmyisam_sort_buffer_size = 128Mmyisam_max_sort_file_size = 10Gmyisam_repair_threads = 1myisam_recover interactive_timeout = 120wait_timeout = 120 skip-name-resolve#master-connect-retry = 10slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062,126,1114,1146,1048,1396 #master-host     =   192.168.1.1#master-user     =   username#master-password =   password#master-port     =  3306 server-id = 1 innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16Minnodb_buffer_pool_size = 512Minnodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:256M:autoextendinnodb_file_io_threads = 4innodb_thread_concurrency = 8innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2innodb_log_buffer_size = 16Minnodb_log_file_size = 128Minnodb_log_files_in_group = 3innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120innodb_file_per_table = 0 #log-slow-queries = /mysql/slow.log#long_query_time = 10 [mysqldump]quickmax_allowed_packet = 32M

管理mysql脚本：

vim /mysql/mysqld

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#!/bin/shmysql_port=3306mysql_username="admin"     #帐号密码可以自行创建mysql_password="rootisnosafe" function_start_mysql(){    printf "Starting MySQL...\n"    /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/mysql/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &} function_stop_mysql(){    printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"    /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_username} -p${mysql_password} -S /tmp/mysql.sock shutdown} function_restart_mysql(){    printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"    function_stop_mysql    sleep 5    function_start_mysql} function_kill_mysql(){    kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'bin/mysqld_safe' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')    kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep 'libexec/mysqld' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk '{printf $2}')} if [ "$1" = "start" ]; then    function_start_mysqlelif [ "$1" = "stop" ]; then    function_stop_mysqlelif [ "$1" = "restart" ]; thenfunction_restart_mysqlelif [ "$1" = "kill" ]; thenfunction_kill_mysqlelse    printf "Usage: /mysql/mysqld {start|stop|restart|kill}\n"fi

赋予脚本执行权限：

chmod +x /mysql/mysqld

启动mysql

/mysql/mysqld start

命令行管理mysql：

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock

创建一个具有root权限的用户：admin，密码为rootisnosafe

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'rootisnosafe';GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'admin'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY 'rootisnosafe';

安装php:

先安装libevent和libiconv：

wget https://github.com/downloads/libevent/libevent/libevent-1.4.14b-stable.tar.gztar zxvf libevent-1.4.14b-stable.tar.gzcd libevent-1.4.14b-stable./configure&&make&&make installwget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.14.tar.gztar zxvf libiconv-1.14.tar.gzcd  libiconv-1.14./configuremakemake installln -sf /usr/local/lib/libiconv.so.2 /usr/lib/libiconv.so.2

现在安装php:

wget http://cn.php.net/distributions/php-5.4.0.tar.gztar zxvf php-5.4.0.tar.gzcd php-5.4.0./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config  --with-openssl --enable-fpm  --enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --with-iconv-dir=/usr/localmake ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'        #因为-liconv的目录不是在/usr/local下所以安装时需要手动指定make install

其中：

–with-mysql和–with-mysqli的路径是你mysql的具体所在的目录

–enable-fpm 启动fpm。其他都是些基本选项，简单易懂

cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

修改配置文件：

vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

1234	pm.max_children = 50pm.start_servers = 10pm.min_spare_servers = 5pm.max_spare_servers = 35

启动：

/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm &

检查是否正常启动：

netstat -tunlp|grep 9000tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:9000              0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      7826/php-fpm

将 /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm &加入到rc.local：

echo '/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm &' >>/etc/rc.local

配置fastcgi_params 文件：

vim /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params

将内容替换为：

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fastcgi_param  GATEWAY_INTERFACE  CGI/1.1;fastcgi_param  SERVER_SOFTWARE    nginx;fastcgi_param  QUERY_STRING       $query_string;fastcgi_param  REQUEST_METHOD     $request_method;fastcgi_param  CONTENT_TYPE       $content_type;fastcgi_param  CONTENT_LENGTH     $content_length;fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME    $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_NAME        $fastcgi_script_name;fastcgi_param  REQUEST_URI        $request_uri;fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_URI       $document_uri;fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_ROOT      $document_root;fastcgi_param  SERVER_PROTOCOL    $server_protocol;fastcgi_param  REMOTE_ADDR        $remote_addr;fastcgi_param  REMOTE_PORT        $remote_port;fastcgi_param  SERVER_ADDR        $server_addr;fastcgi_param  SERVER_PORT        $server_port;fastcgi_param  SERVER_NAME        $server_name;# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirectfastcgi_param  REDIRECT_STATUS    200;

最后修改nginx.conf配置文件：

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vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conflocation ~ \.php$ {            root           /www;            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;            fastcgi_index  index.php;            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;            include        fastcgi_params;        } location / {            root   /www;            index  index.php index.html index.htm;        }

保存退出。

启动nginx ：